REPORTED SPEECH

REPORTED SPEECH

¿Cuándo usamos el discurso informado? A veces alguien dice una frase, por ejemplo "voy al cine esta noche". Más tarde, tal vez queremos decirle a alguien lo que la primera persona dijo.

Así es como funciona:

Utilizamos un ' verbo reportar ' como ' say ' o ' tell '. (haga clic aquí para más información sobre el uso de ' say ' y ' tell '.) Si este verbo está en el tiempo presente, es fácil. Acabamos de poner ' ella dice ' y luego la frase:

• Direct speech: I like ice cream.
• Reported speech: She says (that) she likes ice cream.

No necesitamos cambiar el tiempo, aunque probablemente necesitamos cambiar la ' persona ' de ' yo ' a ' ella ', por ejemplo. También es posible que necesitemos cambiar palabras como ' mi ' y ' tu'.

(como estoy seguro que usted sabe, a menudo, podemos elegir si queremos utilizar ' eso ' o no en inglés.) Lo he puesto en paréntesis () para demostrar que es opcional. Es exactamente lo mismo si usas ' that ' o si no usas ' that '.)

Pero, si el verbo reportar está en el pasado, entonces usualmente cambiamos los tiempos en el discurso reportado:

• Direct speech: I like ice cream.
• Reported speech: She said (that) she liked ice cream.

Tense	Direct Speech	Reported Speech
present simple	I like ice cream	She said (that) she liked ice cream.
present continuous	I am living in London	She said (that) she was living in London.
past simple	I bought a car	She said (that) she had bought a car OR She said (that) she bought a car.
past continuous	I was walking along the street	She said (that) she had been walking along the street.
present perfect	I haven't seen Julie	She said (that) she hadn't seen Julie.
past perfect*	I had taken English lessons before	She said (that) she had taken English lessons before.
will	I'll see you later	She said (that) she would see me later.
would*	I would help, but..”	She said (that) she would help but...
can	I can speak perfect English	She said (that) she could speak perfect English.
could*	I could swim when I was four	She said (that) she could swim when she was four.
shall	I shall come later	She said (that) she would come later.
should*	I should call my mother	She said (that) she should call her mother
might*	I might be late	She said (that) she might be late
must	I must study at the weekend	She said (that) she must study at the weekend OR She said she had to study at the weekend

Ocasionalmente, no necesitamos cambiar el tiempo presente en el pasado si la información en el discurso directo es todavía verdadera (pero esto es solamente para las cosas que son hechos generales, e incluso entonces nos gusta generalmente cambiar el tiempo):

• Direct speech: The sky is blue.
• Reported speech: She said (that) the sky is/was blue.